应对上身腱鞘炎的强化及伸展练习
编者语:在这期中, ProHealth实验室共同给大家带来关节训练建议三部曲中的最后一篇, TENDONITIS — LIKE IT OR NOT, if you’re an avid climber, at some point you’ll feel that deep, dull ache in your elbows or shoulders, a sign of inflamed tendons. The constant tugging is what does us in — using loads of pulling muscles (lats, shoulders, biceps, forearms) while neglecting the pushing muscles (pectorals, anterior deltoids, triceps), thus placing unidirectional strain on your tendons. If you mostly climb steep stuff, you’re especially susceptible — think of the hunchbacked, grapefruitshouldered cave monsters at Rifle and the Red. 腱鞘炎-无论你讨厌与否,如果你是一个热忱的爬手,也许某天你就会感受到肘部或是肩膀里那种深深的隐痛,这便是肌腱发炎的征兆。持续不断的牵拉便是诱因-过量依赖于产生拉伸的肌群(背阔肌,肩部肌肉,肱二头肌,前臂)而忽略了产生推动的肌群(胸肌,三角肌前束,肱三头肌),从而使肌腱持续受到单向张力。如果你经常攀爬陡峭的路线-好比那些在Rifle和Red攀洞的狂人们,个个驮着个背,有着圆如西柚般的膀子,他们就极易出现这种腱鞘炎的症状。 As with all things in life, the key is balance. With these few simple stretches and weight routines, done two to three times a week on rest (non-climbing) days, you’ll balance the pushing and pulling muscles and increase mobility, thus enhancing your abilities and preventing injury. 亦如生活中的很多事,平衡是最关键的。通过这几个简单的伸展和重量练习,每周2到3次(非训练日),你便可获得拉伸和推动肌群之间的平衡,同时提高灵活性,从而提升你的水平并防止运动伤害的发生。
前臂内转/外旋:过度的使用前臂的手指屈肌以及旋前肌通常会导致肘部疼痛([医]上髁炎)。下面的练习可以增强力量,并且扩大运动范围(换言之,让重量舒展你的前臂)。垂直握住一个3到8磅哑铃的一端,手肘呈90度弯曲,上臂贴于体侧。让前臂顺时针外转,手心逐渐朝上重量落向外部;保持此动作5秒钟。然后反向旋转直至手心向下朝向地面;再保持5秒钟。如此完成2组15次的循环,即可在最后几次动作的时候正好达到力竭。
手指/腕部屈肌伸展:将手掌平置于地面,桌面,或是墙面,手指的方向朝着身体。向后倾倒直到你感觉到充分的拉伸,保持30秒或更长的时间,重复2到3次。
肩膀置于健身球球上的夹胸训练:该练习可强化胸部肌肉,肩部的主要肌群和平衡肌群。采用一个桥形的姿势,头和肩膀靠在健身球上。从中等重量的哑铃开始(10到20磅),胳膊伸直,手心相对。慢慢的向下打开手臂直至低于或和肩膀持平。缓慢的回复到起始位置;目标设定为3组,每组12次。
背阔肌的伸展:背阔肌,是攀爬时利用的主要肌肉,过于紧绷的时候便会导致耸肩以及背部疼痛。为了舒缓背阔肌,可以立于一处门边,用右手手指扣住门框;然后将右脚后退2到3步然后向前弯曲。弯曲时目光朝向你的右边腋窝直至拉伸充分。保持30秒或更长时间,每一边重复2到3次。
Reverse Butterfly: To support the often-overtaxed shoulder joint, you need strong rotator-cuff muscles. This exercise will get you there, while also promoting good posture — crucial to shoulder health, since it reduces subacromial impingement, of the tendons under your AC joint. The prime muscles worked here are those in the backs of your shoulders: the rear deltoids, external rotators, and rhomboids. 反式蝴蝶:你需要强壮的肩腱袖肌肉来支持你过度使用的肩部关节。这个练习即可起到这个作用,同时帮助形成良好的体态-对肩膀的健康而言这是十分重要的,因为它能减少你的肩峰锁骨关节处产生的炎症。此项练习中主要参与运动的是肩膀后部的肌肉:三角肌后束,内部回旋肌以及菱形肌。
Begin with light dumbbells (five to 10 pounds), hands together in front of your hips, elbows slightly bent. Draw your “butterfl y wing” by bringing your hands up and diagonally outward, to finish with your elbows at shoulder height, hands facing forward. Now set your shoulders back and down, and bring your hands back to rotate your arms externally and complete the motion. Finally, with good control, reverse the motion by bringing your hands forward, down, and in — back to their starting position. Keep your torso stable and your shoulders pulled away from your ears at all times; aim for three sets of 15 reps. 从较轻的哑铃开始(5到10磅),将手并放在你的臀部前边,肘部稍稍弯曲。通过举起你的双手并呈对角向外张开来画出你的你的“蝴蝶翅膀”,手肘要抬至肩膀的高度,手心向前。接着落下肩膀,向外划弧并将手臂转回原处来完成动作。最后,反转动作的时候需要你有良好的控制能力,向下向内将手带到身前-回到最初的位置。关键是要保证你的躯干稳定并且一直保持肩部充分打开;目标训练量为3组每组15次。 |